Whispered How to Write about My Self Secrets

Whispered How to Write about My Self Secrets How to Write about My Self - Is it a Scam? However difficult writing might be, you can learn writing methods to become a fantastic writer. So when you're writing an essay, you're harnessing the complete might of culture to your life. Anyway, never forget it's possible to always use a paper writing service. Describing yourself as a writer doesn't indicate you've devalued your function for a parent. As stated before, you've got to develop the topic that you would like to write about and then opt for a topic sentence. Later, once you get the simple essay format down pat, your topic sentence won't necessarily will need to be the very first sentence. Knowing what essay structure is and the way to compose a paragraph is vital to communicating your ideas and research, regardless of the topic, in a way which is readable and coherent. Though most paragraphs need to have a topic sentence, there are a number of conditions when a paragraph may not require a topic sentence. More essay help Each teacher is a bit different within her requirements. Many students think that a research paper is simply a description of the sources they've read. There is barely any student, who wasn't assigned to compose an essay. If you understand how to compose a paragraph, you understand how to compose an essay. For the time being, however, it is going to let you organize your essay and teach you just how to compose an essay. An essay is a fairly brief bit of writing on a certain topic. It is an incredibly interesting task that is always different. The thesis statement controls your whole paper. Many students think a thesis is only a group of ideas strung together with a couple essential words. In a lengthy essay, the thesis ought to be in the very first or second paragraph. Writing a thesis is actually quite simple if you stick to a fundamental formula. Becoming in a position to bring ideas from concept to fruition on your own steam is among the best skills you'll ever learn. Your life will be harder, at the base of the dominance hierarchies that you'll inevitably inhabit, and you will receive old fast. You begin with this kind of motivation, but nonetheless, it quickly fades. New Ideas Into How to Write about My Self Never Before Revealed While not absolutely necessary, a hook can assist your readers begin contemplating your principal idea. The 2 movies were two contradictory images of the way the sea is now, and the way it can be if it's looked after. Even deciding where to place the board itself requires some not ion. The very first thing you'd do is write a topic sentence, for example, When it has to do with animals, dogs are a fantastic pet. A hook may be an intriguing fact or statistic, or a question to find the reader thinking. Now all you need to do is keep going. Put simply, you're explain why it's important for an excellent leader to be smart. To use the job of others isn't allowed. The elements of your topic will establish the subparagraphs of the chief body. Mistakes do not signal the conclusion of your business enterprise. Inside my experience, nearly every topic can be amazing. As well as the primary body has 23 paragraphs, you must guarantee a smooth flow between them. After all is said and done, most individuals believe that the body paragraphs are arguably the simplest to write. The remedy to very long paragraphs must be brutal. You will need to do something similar with the subsequent two body paragraphs.

Architecture Of The Security System - 1206 Words

Chapter Three Architecture of the security System 3.1 Introduction This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to establish Zero-Knowledge protocol model, the established proto-type is a web-based application, represented as a web-site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are covered by the security system. 3.2 Architecture of the security system In order to get a system is characterized by durability, flexibility and resistant any potential change, the security system is designed and consists of three layers: the user interface layer, the application logic layer and the database layer. All these layers in the security system the main goal is to make applications evolve and implementation easy and efficient. The first layer(interface layer) offers to the user a friendly and convenient entry to contact with the system.The second layer (application logic layer) implements the controlling functionalities and manipulating the underlying logic connection of information flows; finally the data modeling job is conducted by the database layer, which can store, index, manage and model information needed for this application [41]. 3.2.1 Client Layer: The users (applicants) can access the data on the server through any web-browser (like Google Chrome or Netscape). To build this system a number of sub-programs were built using some programming languages. The main program wasShow MoreRelatedArchitecture Of The Security System1589 Words   |  7 PagesChapter Three Architecture of the security System 3.1 Introduction This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to establish Zero-Knowledge protocol model, the established proto-type is a web-based application, represented as a web-site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are covered by the security system. 3.2 Architecture of the security system In order to get a system is characterized by durability, flexibilityRead MoreArchitecture Of The Security System1206 Words   |  5 PagesChapter Three Architecture of the security System 3.1 Introduction This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to establish Zero-Knowledge protocol model, the established proto-type is a web-based application, represented as a web-site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are covered by the security system. 3.2 Architecture of the security system In order to get a system is characterized by durabilityRead MoreSecurity Architecture Is Developed For Systems Providing End For End Communications1069 Words   |  5 PagesX.805 security architecture is developed for systems providing end to end communications. It was developed by ITU-T SG 17 and was published in October 2003. Issues which X.805 addresses are: 1. What type of protection is to be given against what kind of threats? 2. What are the various kinds of system gear and facility groupings that needs to be secured? 3. What are the different types of network exercises that needs to be secured? X.805 architecture incorporates three security layers which areRead MoreThe Health Information Portability And Accountability Act Of 1996943 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Insurance Reform: Security Standards of 2003, part of the overall Security Rule contained in the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Although the federal rules detail the need for the protection of health information, Professor Fue and Professor Blum in 2013 extended the need to ensure that security is built into other systems that affect individual’s health (Fue Blum, 2013). Although there is no explicit requirement for architecture called out in Fue Blum’sRead MoreQuestions On Database Security And Database Systems1368 Words   |  6 PagesDATABASE SECURITY Submitted to the Faculty of American Public University By Loren Robert Hensley In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course of INFO620 Enterprise Database Systems November 2014 American Public University Charles Town, WV â€Æ' Abstract This paper explores the different aspects of security as it pertains to database systems. It will provide an overview of security concerns such as access control, user authentication, reliability and data integrity, as well as how IT professionalsRead MoreArchitecture of a New Payroll Program1137 Words   |  5 Pages Application Architecture Introduction Fundamental objective of this paper is to build a payroll program for a large organization having offices spread across the United States. To enhance effective business operations, the company uses the WAN (wide area network) technology to connect all its offices located in the United States. The paper discusses the architecture of new payroll program to enhance greater understanding on the functionality of the new system. Architecture of the new PayrollRead MoreEvaluation Of A Access Control Policy855 Words   |  4 Pagesrecording on all of the clients activity and behaviour. 3.6 CBA SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE I would like to describe the list of all kind of security that CBA implement: †¢ Security app services bank o Encryption – transport layer o Application whitelist blacklist o URL authorization o Automatic Website isolation o Digital certificate code signing o Remote access †¢ Security data service o Encryption all of the data within the company †¢ Security server o Malware protection disk protection o Networking ipV6Read MoreBsa 375 Week 3 Individual Assignment848 Words   |  4 Pages Belinda Moses How do you define application architecture and process design? Wise Geek defines application architecture as â€Å"the organizational design of an entire software application, including all sub-components and external applications interchanges. There are several design patterns that are used to define an application architecture† (wiseGEEK, 2013). The design patterns are created to meet the objectives described in the system requirements. â€Å"The activity of determining the workflowRead MoreCIS515 - Module05 Essay examples704 Words   |  3 Pages1. Describe technical architecture as a structured process and compare it to software architecture. How are the two related? In what ways does it allow us to design better systems? Technical Architecture A technical architecture is the design and documentation of a software application. Technical architecture gives the overall picture of the application. Usually enterprise architect who understand the business and fluent in technology provide the important bridge between MIS and business. TechnicalRead MoreVirtualization Project Report1624 Words   |  7 PagesVirtualization Security in Data Centers and Clouds Minjie Zheng, mzheng@go.wustl.edu (A project report written under the guidance of Prof. Raj Jain) DownloadPDF Abstract In the past decade, with the unprecedented growth in tech companies and advances in cloud computing, it has become increasingly common for companies to incorporate virtualization in their data centers to fully utilize their hardware resources. As a result, virtualization and virtualization security have gone through major transforms Architecture Of The Security System - 1206 Words Chapter Three Architecture of the security System 3.1 Introduction This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to establish Zero-Knowledge protocol model, the established proto-type is a web-based application, represented as a web-site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are covered by the security system. 3.2 Architecture of the security system In order to get a system is characterized by durability, flexibility and resistant any potential change, the security system is designed and consists of three layers: the user interface layer, the application logic layer and the database layer. All these layers in the security system the main goal is to make applications evolve and implementation easy and efficient. The first layer(interface layer) offers to the user a friendly and convenient entry to contact with the system.The second layer (application logic layer) implements the controlling functionalities and manipulating the underlying logic connection of information flows; finally the data modeling job is conducted by the database layer, which can store, index, manage and model information needed for this application [41]. 3.2.1 Client Layer: The users (applicants) can access the data on the server through any web-browser (like Google Chrome or Netscape). To build this system a number of sub-programs were built using some programming languages. The main program wasShow MoreRelatedArchitecture Of The Security System1589 Words   |  7 PagesChapter Three Architecture of the security System 3.1 Introduction This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to establish Zero-Knowledge protocol model, the established proto-type is a web-based application, represented as a web-site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are covered by the security system. 3.2 Architecture of the security system In order to get a system is characterized by durability, flexibilityRead MoreArchitecture Of The Security System1206 Words   |  5 PagesChapter Three Architecture of the security System 3.1 Introduction This chapter is dedicated to present the design considerations and the main implementation steps to establish Zero-Knowledge protocol model, the established proto-type is a web-based application, represented as a web-site. The major requirements (CIA) confidentiality, integrity, and authenticity are covered by the security system. 3.2 Architecture of the security system In order to get a system is characterized by durabilityRead MoreSecurity Architecture Is Developed For Systems Providing End For End Communications1069 Words   |  5 PagesX.805 security architecture is developed for systems providing end to end communications. It was developed by ITU-T SG 17 and was published in October 2003. Issues which X.805 addresses are: 1. What type of protection is to be given against what kind of threats? 2. What are the various kinds of system gear and facility groupings that needs to be secured? 3. What are the different types of network exercises that needs to be secured? X.805 architecture incorporates three security layers which areRead MoreThe Health Information Portability And Accountability Act Of 1996943 Words   |  4 PagesHealth Insurance Reform: Security Standards of 2003, part of the overall Security Rule contained in the Health Information Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. Although the federal rules detail the need for the protection of health information, Professor Fue and Professor Blum in 2013 extended the need to ensure that security is built into other systems that affect individual’s health (Fue Blum, 2013). Although there is no explicit requirement for architecture called out in Fue Blum’sRead MoreQuestions On Database Security And Database Systems1368 Words   |  6 PagesDATABASE SECURITY Submitted to the Faculty of American Public University By Loren Robert Hensley In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Course of INFO620 Enterprise Database Systems November 2014 American Public University Charles Town, WV â€Æ' Abstract This paper explores the different aspects of security as it pertains to database systems. It will provide an overview of security concerns such as access control, user authentication, reliability and data integrity, as well as how IT professionalsRead MoreArchitecture of a New Payroll Program1137 Words   |  5 Pages Application Architecture Introduction Fundamental objective of this paper is to build a payroll program for a large organization having offices spread across the United States. To enhance effective business operations, the company uses the WAN (wide area network) technology to connect all its offices located in the United States. The paper discusses the architecture of new payroll program to enhance greater understanding on the functionality of the new system. Architecture of the new PayrollRead MoreEvaluation Of A Access Control Policy855 Words   |  4 Pagesrecording on all of the clients activity and behaviour. 3.6 CBA SECURITY INFRASTRUCTURE I would like to describe the list of all kind of security that CBA implement: †¢ Security app services bank o Encryption – transport layer o Application whitelist blacklist o URL authorization o Automatic Website isolation o Digital certificate code signing o Remote access †¢ Security data service o Encryption all of the data within the company †¢ Security server o Malware protection disk protection o Networking ipV6Read MoreBsa 375 Week 3 Individual Assignment848 Words   |  4 Pages Belinda Moses How do you define application architecture and process design? Wise Geek defines application architecture as â€Å"the organizational design of an entire software application, including all sub-components and external applications interchanges. There are several design patterns that are used to define an application architecture† (wiseGEEK, 2013). The design patterns are created to meet the objectives described in the system requirements. â€Å"The activity of determining the workflowRead MoreCIS515 - Module05 Essay examples704 Words   |  3 Pages1. Describe technical architecture as a structured process and compare it to software architecture. How are the two related? In what ways does it allow us to design better systems? Technical Architecture A technical architecture is the design and documentation of a software application. Technical architecture gives the overall picture of the application. Usually enterprise architect who understand the business and fluent in technology provide the important bridge between MIS and business. TechnicalRead MoreVirtualization Project Report1624 Words   |  7 PagesVirtualization Security in Data Centers and Clouds Minjie Zheng, mzheng@go.wustl.edu (A project report written under the guidance of Prof. Raj Jain) DownloadPDF Abstract In the past decade, with the unprecedented growth in tech companies and advances in cloud computing, it has become increasingly common for companies to incorporate virtualization in their data centers to fully utilize their hardware resources. As a result, virtualization and virtualization security have gone through major transforms

Taxation Top Tax Rates

Question: Discuss about the Taxation for Top Tax Rates. Answer: Case 1 1. Earning of capital by Fred after selling holiday home Fred purchased the property in the year of 1987 with proper following the rules, regulation, policies and procedures that are primarily imposed by ATO (Ato.gov.au. 2016). All these rules and regulations are required to be strictly followed with proper calculation of the achievements of overall capital amount. Fred purchased the property as an individual and not as some famous organisation and it helped Fred to enjoy some discounted methods and indexation for adequate calculation of gaining of the actual capital. However, there is significant information available regarding the property Fred purchased and it helps this particular individual to calculate the amount of actual capital with relevant using of appropriate methods. The entire process and method of indexation has been used in sum by using the CII in between Feb 1987 quarter and SEP 1999 quarter. However, there are several methods and process of indexation and more or less every method calculates the related expenses and the b asic purchasing price by Fred while this individual decides to purchase property. The calculation of CII from Jan 1990 to Sep 1999 quarter derives the ultimate indexation on the entire development process, which is conducted on Jan 1990 by Fred. The rules, regulation, process and policies differ from one quarter to another (Braverman et al. 2015). However, according to the rules of ATO, the actual method and technique of indexation has been forced mainly after the Sep quarter of 1999. Fred also enjoys discounted methods while purchasing the property and it helps this particular individual to obtain a perfect and decreased taxable income in effective and potential manner. This discounted method also helps Fred to enhance his fundamental retained income. Fred encountered some capital loss in the previous year; therefore, this discounted offer actually helps Fred to regain its some of capital amount with proper indexation method. The amount of the capital loss has been perfectly deducted from the actual income of overall taxable amount, which is generated after the completion of the discounted method (Woellner et al. 2016). As per the guidelines and policies of ATO, discounted methods are appropriate for individual investors in order to reduce the entire taxable amount of these investors. According to Barkoczy (2016), the process of indexation involves a gradual technique in order to adjust the basic payments of income by price index for maintaining the ultimate purc hasing power of an individual after the inflation. It can be observed that a large number of capitals have been gained by Fred only with proper following of the indexation or discounted method. Fred has effectively understood that investing in the purchasing of property is actually investing in the stocks. Lignier and Evans (2012) have mentioned that an investor have to determine and understand the basic value of the purchasing property before investing money on it and the investor should generate approximate amount of profit before purchasing. The effective use of the discounted method actally helps Fred to reduce his overall and primary taxable income and gain more returns from the suitable profit from the sale of Holiday home (refer to Appendix I). The taxable amount consists of 323,500 as per the discounted income. However, there are few scopes of the increments of the indexation method and because of this possibility; the actual taxable amount reaches to 597,346.4. After analysing, it has been proves that the discounted method i s appropriate and profitable in the case of Fred. Frecknall-Hughes and McKerchar (2013) have suggested that all these discounted methods are prepared and arranged only because to help the investors and not the organisations for their business operation. Changes in the net taxable amount in the case of loosing capital from antique The second situation in this case clearly reflects an overall picture of capital loss by Fred and this loss has been generated from the great loss of antique. The capital loss, which has been generated from antique that can be deducted only from the capital gain generating from antique according to the guidelines and policies of Australian Taxation Office (ATO) (Ato.gov.au. 2016). Therefore, Freds entire taxable amount will transform into the present situation and with strict following of the discounted method it will be minimum 333,500. Case 2 a. Explanation of important information of Periwinkle, which is connected with the current consequences of FBT Fringe benefits tax (FBT) involves that tax employers should pay certain benefits to the employees such as, the associates and the family. Kobetsky et al. (2012) have mentioned that this benefit may involve the wages or salary packages. It is clear that it helps to depict overall fringe benefit, which is primarily provided by Periwinkle to Emma, who is an employee of this organisation. The profit is immense according to the policies, rules and regulation of Australian Taxation Office (ATO) (Ato.gov.au. 2016). On the other hand, at least for 336 days the car was used and therefore, the fringe benefit can be calculated on the amount and basis of AU$6,059.02, this is Periwinkles taxable amount (refer to Appendix II). Even the government of Australia transform the process of tax on income with potential help of taxation system of fringe benefit and it has been clearly distributed among the associated employees of an organisation (Apps and Rees 2013). Fringe benefit tax on loan: It has been reflected that Periwinkle might pay fringe benefit tax in order to lend a proper help to the employees. The interest has been calculated because of market share and in Periwinkle case; it is calculated as 5.95% in order to depict the fringe benefit, which is generated from the basic process of loan (refer to Appendix III). The amount of the loan consists of $22,250 from the taxable amount based on fringe benefit. According to Eichfelder and Vaillancourt (2014), fringe benefit tax is completely different from the income tax and can be calculated on the value of taxable amount of the provided fringe benefits. It also helps to reduce any kind of unethical measures perceived by an organisation for achieving more profits from the market and particular industry (Pinto et al. 2013). Fringe benefit tax on discount: The table reveals the fact that fringe benefits offer discounts to the existing employees of Periwinkle (refer to Appendix IV). On the other hand, the actual taxable amount can be calculated with the deduction process of 75% market share. However, this price has to be paid by the staffs of Periwinkle. The balance amount consists of $650, which is taxable under the fringe benefit. Fringe benefit tax, which Periwinkle requires to pay inclusive Goods and services tax (GST) From the table it can be said that the employees of Periwinkles should pay the fringe benefit tax (refer to Appendix V). Furthermore, the basic segregation of the GST includes fringe benefits in free, which is effectively applicable. Freebairn (2012) has mentioned that, there clear and transparent rules and regulation about where to apply GST and where not. Periwinkle follows GST in strict manner in order to carve and understand in detailed manner about the exact and actual taxable amount of an organisation (Hodgson and Pearce 2015). In addition, the minimum taxable amount is all total $28,374.33 and the exact taxable amount Periwinkle should pay before the ending of a fixed period of Australian Taxation Office (ATO) and that is March 31st 2016. b. Providing the transformations that may happen if Emma purchase the share Periwinkle would be listed for the deduction process in fringe benefit tax if Emma has purchased maximum number of shares of this company. However, this will actually decrease the existing liabilities of the available fringe benefit (Lim and Perrin 2014). Even those incomes, which have been generated from the market shares, cannot be treated as taxable amount. The employees of Periwinkle have clearly understood all these benefits. They are not required to pay any kind of taxes for the above-mentioned benefits. On the other hand, the basic income from the market share will be taxable amount for the case of Emma and it will not affect the entire fringe benefit tax of Periwinkles. According to Eccleston (2013), there are huge changes in the policies and guidelines of the fringe benefit tax and it differs from income tax. However, there are certain arguments that market share generated income come under the capital gain tax or income tax (Freudenberg et al. 2012). References Apps, P. and Rees, R., 2013. Raise top tax rates, not the GST.Austl. Tax F.,28, p.679. Ato.gov.au. (2016).How to calculate your FBT | Australian Taxation Office. [online] Available at:https://www.ato.gov.au/General/fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/how-to-calculate-your-fbt/ [Accessed 18 Sep. 2016]. Ato.gov.au. (2016).Loan and debt waiver fringe benefits | Australian Taxation Office. [online] Available at: https://www.ato.gov.au/General/Fringe-benefits-tax-(fbt)/In-detail/Employers-guide/Loan-and-debt-waiver-fringe-benefits/?page=8#8_8_Reduction_in_taxable_value_where_interest_would_have_been_deductible_to_employee [Accessed 18 Sep. 2016]. Barkoczy, S., 2016. Core tax legislation and study guide.OUP Catalogue. Braverman, D., Marsden, S.J. and Sadiq, K., 2015. Assessing taxpayer response to legislative changes: A case study of in-housefringe benefits rules.Journal of Australian Taxation,17(1), pp.1-52. Eccleston, R., 2013. The Tax Reform Agenda in Australia.Australian Journal of Public Administration,72(2), pp.103-113. Eichfelder, S. and Vaillancourt, F., 2014. Tax compliance costs: A review of cost burdens and cost structures.Available at SSRN 2535664. Frecknall-Hughes, J. and McKerchar, M., 2013. Historical perspectives on the emergence of the tax profession: Australia and the UK.Austl. Tax F.,28, p.275. Freebairn, J., 2012. Personal Income Taxation.Economic Papers: A journal of applied economics and policy,31(1), pp.18-23. Freudenberg, B., Tran-Nam, B., Karlinsky, S. and Gupta, R., 2012. Comparative Analysis of Tax Advisers' Perception of Small Business Tax Law Complexity: United States, Australia and New Zealand, A.Austl. Tax F.,27, p.677. Hodgson, H. and Pearce, P., 2015. TravelSmart or travel tax free breaks: Is the fringe benefits tax a barrier to active commuting in Australia?. Kobetsky, M., O'Connell, A., Brown, C., Fisher, R. and Peacock, C., 2012.Income Tax: Text, Materials and Essential Cases. The Federation Press. Lignier, P. and Evans, C., 2012, August. The rise and rise of tax compliance costs for the small business sector in Australia. InAustralian Tax Forum(Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 615-672). Lim, N. and Perrin, B., 2014. Standard Business Reporting in Australia: Past, Present, and Future.Australasian Journal of Information Systems,18(3). Pinto, D., Gilchrist, D. and Morgan, A., 2013. A few reflections on the current state of play for not-for-profit taxation arrangements.Taxation in Australia,48(2), p.79. Woellner, R., Barkoczy, S., Murphy, S., Evans, C. and Pinto, D., 2016.Australian Taxation Law 2016. Oxford University Press.

John Adams Essays (1417 words) - Adams Family, John Adams

John Adams The Revolution was effected before the war commenced. The Revolution was in the minds and hearts of the people... This radical change in the principles, opinions, sentiments, and affections of the people was the real American Revolution. John Adams -- 1818 In three remarkable careers--as a foe of British oppression and champion of Independence (1761-77), as an American diplomat in Europe (1778-88), and as the first vice-president (1789-97) and then the second president (1797-1801) of the United States--John Adams was a founder of the United States. Perhaps equally important, however, was the life of his mind and spirit; in a pungent diary, vivid letters, learned tracts, and patriotic speeches he revealed himself as a quintessential Puritan, patriarch of an illustrious family, tough-minded philosopher of the republic, sage, and sometimes a vain, stubborn, and vitriolic partisan. John Adams was born in Braintree (now Quincy), Mass., on Oct. 30, 1735, in a small saltbox house still standing and open to visitors. His father, John Adams, a deacon and a fifth-generation Massachusetts farmer, and his mother, the former Suzanna Boylston, were, their son wrote, both fond of reading; so they resolved to give bookishly inclined John a good education. He became the first of his family to go to college when he entered Harvard in 1751. There, and in six further years of intensive reading while he taught school and studied law in Worcester and Boston, he mastered the technicalities of his profession and the literature and learning of his day. By 1762, when he began 14 years of increasingly successful legal practice, he was well informed, ambitious, and public spirited. His most notable good fortune, however, occurred in 1764 when he married Abigail Smith. John Adams's marriage of 54 years to this wise, learned, strong-willed, passionate, and patriotic woman began the brilliant phase of Adams family history that produced their son John Quincy, his son Charles Francis, his sons Henry and Brooks, and numerous other distinguished progeny. In 1761, John Adams began to think and write and act against British measures that he believed infringed on colonial liberties and the right of Massachusetts and the other colonies to self-government. A pamphlet entitled A Dissertation on the Canon and the Feudal Law and town instructions denouncing the Stamp Act (1765) marked him as a vigorous, patriotic penman, and, holding various local offices, he soon became a leader among Massachusetts radicals. Although he never wavered in his devotion to colonial rights and early committed himself to independence as an unwelcome last resort, Adams's innate conservatism made him determined in 1770 that the British soldiers accused of the Boston Massacre receive a fair hearing. He defended the soldiers at their trial. He also spoke out repeatedly against mob violence and other signs of social disintegration. In 1774-76, Adams was a Massachusetts delegate to the Continental Congress in Philadelphia. His speeches and writings (especially a newspaper series signed Novanglus in 1775) articulating the colonial cause and his brilliant championing of American rights in Congress caused Thomas Jefferson to call him the Colossus of Independence. Adams helped draft the Declaration of Independence, secured its unanimous adoption in Congress, and wrote his wife on July 3, 1776, that the most memorable Epoch in the History of America has begun. After 18 months of toil in committee and on the floor of Congress managing the American Revolution, Adams crossed the Atlantic to be an American commissioner to France. The termination of this mission after less than a year in Paris allowed him to return home long enough to take a leading role in drafting the new Massachusetts constitution. He sailed again for Europe, accompanied by two of his sons, in November 1779 as a commissioner to seek peace with Britain. After quarrels in Paris with Benjamin Franklin and French officials, he left for the Netherlands, where he secured Dutch recognition of American independence and a substantial loan as well. He returned to Paris in October 1782 to insist on American rights (especially to fish on the Grand Banks of Newfoundland) in the negotiations that led to Britain's recognition of the independence of the United States in the Treaty of Paris of Sept. 3, 1783. For two more years Adams helped Franklin and Jefferson negotiate treaties of friendship and commerce with numerous foreign powers. Then, appointed the first American minister to Britain, Adams presented his credentials to George III in 1785, noting his pride in having the distinguished honor to be the first {ex-colonial subject} to stand in your Majesty's royal presence in a diplomatic character. The king, aware